Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: Anisometropic amblyopia is the most common cause of visual morbidity in childhood which is characterized by reduced spatial vision due to refractive error. 
Objective: This study was planned to determine the visual outcome after full refractive correction of anisometropic amblyopia among 5-15-year-old children. 
Methodology: The Cross-sectional interventional study was conducted in the Departments of Community Ophthalmology and Ophthalmology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March 2017 to August 2019.
Result: A total of 52 untreated children were included in the study with 3 missing the follow-ups. The mean age of the subjects of our study was 9.47 years, range of age was 5-15 years. 44 (89.8%) patients were bilateral & 5 (10.2%) were unilateral. Visual acuity improved from baseline by 2 or more lines (95% CI) in 85% of the patients and by 3 or more lines in 49.3%. This improvement was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Additionally, amblyopia resolved in 7 of 49 (15%) patients. Improvement of visual acuity continued beyond the initial 12 weeks of spectacle wearing for 37 (75.5%) of the 49 patients completing the initial 12-week visit, after completing 24 weeks, it was 26 (53.1%). The mean visual acuity of the right eyes at baseline was 0.45 log MAR unit and the mean visual acuity of the left eyes at baseline was 0.51 log MAR unit. The total improvement in the right eye was 0.21 log MAR unit. Average improvement in both eyes 0.215 log MAR unit.
Conclusion: Results show that refractive correction is a powerful treatment modality for young children with anisometropic amblyopia. If we can detect them earlier then we should be able to give these children a better vision & prosperous life.